大家在备考ACCA时候,经常会遇到“present value”这个考点内容,大家也无法分清什么时候查复利现值系数表,什么时候查年金现值系数表,针对大家所出现的问题,会计网今天就跟各位讲解下“present value”这个知识点。
01、常见PV模型以及解决方法
特点:
1. 期初有一笔现金流流出(期初默认T=0时刻,现金流流出一般是指investment)
2. 从第一年开始,每年都有一笔现金流流入
3. 现金流流入发生在每年的期末
每笔现金流入金额不等,单笔现金流折现问题
1.每笔现金流通过复利现值系数分别折现=现金流*复利现值系数(r,n)
2.复利现值系数在present value table中找,r为折现率,n为对应现金流到T=0时刻的年限
3.NPV=每笔现金流的现值之和-期初投资额
当每笔现金流入都相等且现金流入的年份是有限年份时,年金折现问题
1.通过年金现值系数将所有年金往前折现一年,折现后的值=每年现金流金额*年金现值系数(r,n)
2.年金现值系数在annuity table中找,r为折现率,n为年金数量,有几笔年金,n就为几
3.NPV=每年现金流金额*年金现值系数(r,n)-期初投资额
当每笔现金流都相等,但是现金流入的年份是无限年份(forever),永续年金折现问题
1.通过公式把永续年金全部往前折现一年,折现后的值=每年现金流金额/r
2.r是折现率
3.NPV=每年现金流金额/r-期初投资额
02、题目
接下来,分别给三个题目让大家练习一下:
例1:An investment of $20,000 is expected to yield $5,000 in the first year, $10,000 in the second year, $8,000 in the third year. Calculate the net present value of the investment opportunity if the cost of capital is 5%
NPV=5000*复利现值系数(5%,1)+10000*复利现值系数(5%,2)+8000*复利现值系数(5%,3)-20000
=5000^0.952+10000^0.907+8000^0.864-20000=$742
例2:An investment of $50,000 is expected to yield $5,000 for ten years. Calculate the net present value of the investment opportunity if the cost of capital is 5%.NPV=50000*年金现值系数(5%,10)-50000
=5000^7.722-50000
=-$11390
例3:An investment of $50,000 is expected to yield $5,000 per annum in perprtuity. Calculate the net present value of the investment opportunity if the cost of capital is 5%.NPV=5000/5%-50000 =$50000
以上,就是针对present value中三种常见问题的总结,希望对大家有所帮助。
来源:ACCA学习帮